Turbine plant



Nov; 24, 1936. A. HANscHKE I II TURBINE PLANT I Filed Feb. 19, 1934. 2Sheets-Sheet 1 5 e Hg. k 1 7 i I 17 '10 9 1o f3 Jijfl] FUR 1' Nov. 24,1936. A, HANSCHKLE 2,061,902

TURBINE PLANT Filed Feb. 19, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 k A E Fig.4..

l4 flflfluu HM U [IHIJ UHUUIHI INVENTOR ATTORNEYS Patented Nov. 24, was

llilti'i'E STATES PATENT or ies Fried. Krupp GermaniawerftAktiengesellschaft, Kiel- Gaarden, Germany Application February 19,1934, Serial No. 712,045 In Germany June 13, 1933 3 Claims.

The invention relates to turbine plants, in particular for ships, of thekind having a double flow high pressure turbine. In known turbine plantsof this kind the specific steam consumption is very uneconomical atsmall loads and low speeds of revolution. This is because with smallquantities of steam the first stage has to operate with adisproportionately large fall in pressure at low starting speeds. Onaccount of this disadvantage it has been proposed to provide specialcruising turbines which are switched in, in front of the main turbinefor low speed. Such an arrangement however necessitates an additionalturbine with the gearing required for switching it in.

With the object of removing these disadvantages in a simple manner, theinvention provides that the two symmetrical parts of the high pressureturbine, which are normally arranged in parallel, possess separatenozzle chambers and are provided with means whereby they may beconnected so as to be traversed in series by the working medium, whenthe vessel is to go at a low speed only.

Some forms of construction of turbine plants according to the inventionare illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings in whichFig. 1 is a longitudinal section through the apparatus, Fig. 2, asection along the line II-II of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a section similar toFig. 2, but showing a modification with two nozzle chambers, and Fig. 4is a section similar to Fig. 1 showing a modified device for connectingthe two portions of the high pressure turbine.

Referring to the drawings I represents the high pressure and 2 the lowpressure double-flow turbine. 3 is the reversing turbine which is builtinto the low pressure turbine and 4 a spur gearing on which the twoturbines operate. At full load the steam flows through the two forwardvalves 5 and 6 into the nozzle chambers l and 8, and from thence in twoparallel streams through the double-flow turbine. The two exhaust steampipes of the high pressure turbine ll and I2 run into one another andlead'the steam to the low pressure turbine in which it again flows intwo streams through the blading l3 and Hi and through the exhaust pipesl5 and It to the condenser, not shown. The double-flow high pressureturbine is so constructed that the wheel chambers ll, 18 of the parallelfirst stages are separated from one another by an end plate Hi. This endplate does not have to stand any pressure difference when the valves 5and; 6 are open.

If the vessel is to go at low speed under satisfactory conditions as tothe steam consumption,

(Cl. (SO- 70) the valve 6 is closed, the valve 29 opened and the slidevalve 2! closed. The whole of the steam now flows through the valve 5into the group of nozzles l, and thence into the wheel chamber ll,through the blading 9 and into the exhaust steam 5 pipe ll. As the slidevalve 2i is closed the steam must pass through the opened valve 28 andthe conduit 24 into the group of nozzles 8 and on through the bladingill and the exhaust pipe l2 into the low pressure turbine. The steamthere- 10 fore flows in succession through the symmetrical parts of thehigh pressure turbine which at full load are arranged in parallel.

In connecting the two portions of the high pressure turbine in series itis advantageous to provide a special group of nozzles at 23, Figure 3for the last traversed portion of the high pressure turbine, which groupof nozzles is independent of the group of nozzles 8. The steam in thiscase is led from the valve into the conduit 2 20 This gives theadvantage that the special group of nozzles can be adjusted for the lowstage of speed so that a particularly favorable steam consumption isobtained.

It may sometimes be convenient to conduct the steam from the blading 9via the valve 29 directly to the wheel chamber l8 as is shown in Figure4 of the drawings by the conduit 22. This results in one stage beingbridged over and running idle. 30

By employing the invention a special plant for the low stages of speedis rendered unnecessary and yet a substantial improvement in steamconsumption is obtained. The new arrangement results in the pressurebehind the first stage being raised owing to the intermediately insertedpart of the turbine so that the fall in pressure at the first stage islowered. This results in the total fall in pressure being operated at abetter efficiency than previously.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:-

1. A turbine plant, in particular for ships, comprising a main shaft, adouble-flow high pressure turbine divided into two symmetrical parts, alow pressure turbine, said high and low pressure turbines each havingone shaft connected by a gear with said main shaft, a separate nozzlechamber for each of said high pressure turbine parts, means for leadingthe working medium in parallel through said two high pressure turbineparts, and means operable at will to connect said two high pressureturbine parts so as to be traversed in series by the working medium.

2. A turbine plant as specified in claim 1, comprising a special conduitfor bridging over one or more stages of the last traversed part of thehigh pressure turbine, when the two parts thereof are arranged inseries.

3. A turbine plant, comprising a main shaft, a high pressure section anda low pressure section connected in series and each provided with ashaft connected by a gear with said main shaft, said high pressuresection being divided into two 10 symmetrical parts each comprising animpulse stage, a separate nozzle chamber for supplying fresh steam toeach of said impulse stages, and means operable at will to connect saidtwo turbine parts so as to be traversed in series by the working medium,said last means being arranged to by-pass steam from the exhaust side ofsaid first traversed part of said high pressure turbine beyond theimpulse stage only, of the second traversed part.

ALBERT HANSCHKE.

